fsdfasdf
fsdfasdf
fsdfasdf
fsdfasdf
fsdfasdf

your-first-name
your-last-name
your-message
receive-ohara
Mario
Eid
i am a mobile screen protector factory in egypt i need to know your prices for mobile screen protector glass and the glass types thanks in advance+201555115507
1
Casinounami
Casinounami
Приветствую фортовым игрокам! 1win casino зеркало – это твой путь к азартным победам. Играй круглосуточно и без ограничений. Каждый день новые эмоции и драйв. Ты выигрываешь стабильно. 1win casino зеркало всегда работает. Заходите скорее на рабочее 1win casino зеркало - 1win casino зеркало Удачи и крутых выйгрышей в 1win casino!
1
Chris
Dunn
I am sourcing Manager for Magic Leap and reviewing glass supplier options for high index glass in the 2.0, 1.8 and 1.7 range. I would appreciate contact from sales manager to review new AR product opportunity. Thx
Davidphike
Davidphike
Привет всем! Долго анализировал как поднять сайт и свои проекты и нарастить DR и узнал от успещных seo, отличных ребят, именно они разработали недорогой и главное top прогон Xrumer - https://polarposti.site Увеличение трафика с помощью прогона Xrumer ускоряет продвижение сайта. Форумный линкбилдинг с Xrumer делает создание ссылочной массы системным. Массовая рассылка ссылок экономит время специалистов. Постинг на блогах для SEO помогает закрепить позиции. Xrumer для оптимизации сайта повышает DR. seo продвижение простыми словами, правильный seo заголовок, линкбилдинг на запад линкбилдинг что это такое, написания seo статей, seo метрики эффективности !!Удачи и роста в топах!!
1
Davidphike
Davidphike
Здравствуйте! Долго анализировал как встать в топ поисковиков и узнал от крутых seo, крутых ребят, именно они разработали недорогой и главное лучший прогон Хрумером - https://polarposti.site Увеличение DR и Ahrefs возможно с помощью автоматического прогноза ссылок через Xrumer. Прогон ссылок на форумах ускоряет создание внешних ссылок. Массовые рассылки с Xrumer помогают улучшить позиции сайта в поисковых системах. Программы для линкбилдинга делают процесс получения ссылок быстрым и удобным. Используйте Xrumer для быстрого роста сайта. продвижение новых сайтов в поисковых системах, заказать сео продвижение сайта омск, линкбилдинг крауд маркетинг линкбилдинг что, скачать плагин all in one seo, сео анализ текст !!Удачи и роста в топах!!
1
Davidphike
Davidphike
Добрый день! Долго обмозговывал как поднять сайт и свои проекты и нарастить DR и узнал от гуру в seo, энтузиастов ребят, именно они разработали недорогой и главное top прогон Xrumer - https://polarposti.site Как поднять DR Ahrefs становится проще с регулярной работой. Создание ссылок автоматическими прогами экономит силы веб-мастеров. Форумный линкбилдинг Хрумер ускоряет рост ссылочной массы. Увеличение показателя Ahrefs требует качественных ссылок. Массовый прогон сайта ссылками Xrumer повышает эффективность SEO. сео продвижение сайты, заказать сайта рекламу продвижение, Форумные проги для SEO контент маркетинг линкбилдинг, продвижение сайтов раскрутка способы, сео под ключ москва !!Удачи и роста в топах!!
1
Susan
Batchelor
Hello, we’re interested in your products and would like to proceed with purchasing order. Kindly provide a quotation.
SeoDiush
SeoDiush
Привет всем! Долго анализировал как поднять сайт и свои проекты и нарастить CF cituation flow и узнал от друзей профессионалов, топовых ребят, именно они разработали недорогой и главное продуктивный прогон Хрумером - https://monstros.site Линкбилдинг цена зависит от количества ссылок и качества площадок. Крауд маркетинг линкбилдинг повышает естественность профиля. Линкбилдинг что это такое простыми словами объясняет новичкам. Линкбилдинг это простыми словами доступно объясняет процесс. Линкбилдинг стоимость определяется стратегией продвижения. как сделать seo самостоятельно, чем занимается seo специалист, Как использовать Xrumer для SEO Массовый прогон сайта ссылками, анализ эффективности продвижения сайта в поисковых системах, продвижение информационного сайта !!Удачи и роста в топах!!
1
SeoDiush
SeoDiush
Доброго! Долго ломал голову как поднять сайт и свои проекты в топ и узнал от успещных seo, крутых ребят, именно они разработали недорогой и главное top прогон Хрумером - https://monstros.site Линкбилдинг цена зависит от выбранной стратегии. Крауд маркетинг линкбилдинг улучшает DR сайта. Линкбилдинг что это такое простыми словами объясняет новичкам. Линкбилдинг это простыми словами становится доступным. Линкбилдинг стоимость варьируется по объему работ. seo поисковое продвижение это, сео текста проверить онлайн, Как прокачать сайт через Xrumer Как прокачать сайт через Xrumer, найти сайт для продвижения, seo 3 !!Удачи и роста в топах!!
1
Cairohu
Cairohu
This week’s top winner: 2.3M. Will you join them? Play now and change your life! Start Spinning Here -> tinyurl.com/238h6sju
1
Nikhita
nikhita
Dear Sir/Madam 2. LENS Witness coupon 1 20 No’s SI. No Specification Value Compliance 1. Diameter 25 mm 2. Thickness 3 mm 3. Substrate Fused Silica or equivalent 4. Both faces polished λ/2
1
Nathalie
Lauffenburger
Hi, I experienced cybersickeness 3 years into making 3D animations (spending long hours on computer). Now even looking at a white screen and I believe scrolling makes me sick. I also noticed change of focus up close makes me sick after looking at computer screen. When glass manufacturers are going to get interested in this? It apparently affects many people (especially in gaming). It gets in the way for me to be productive and it makes it very difficult to improve my livelihood. Thank you.
1
Shane
Vincent
Hi, We are inquiring about Ohara S-BAH28, RI1.72, thickness 1.5mm for a development project. Is this material available?
MemeDemslelp
MemeDemslelp
Здравствуйте. Планируете ли покупку автомобиля? Мы подберём для вас автомобиль бесплатно и поможем доставить из Китая, Южной Кореи и Японии! Свяжитесь с нами для получения услуги или ценового предложения на доставку автомобиля. Тел. +7 (964) 434-03-97, +7 (995) 218-72-76, +7 (996) 424-03-97 info@vttauto.ru https://vttauto.ru
1
SeoDiush
SeoDiush
Добрый день! Долго обмозговывал как поднять сайт и свои проекты и нарастить DR и узнал от друзей профессионалов, профи ребят, именно они разработали недорогой и главное буст прогон Xrumer - https://monstros.site Сервисы для линкбилдинг SEO помогают новичкам освоить инструменты. Линкбилдинг линкбилдинг сео курсы дают практические навыки. Линкбилдинг пример показывает реальные кейсы. Линкбилдинг статьи улучшают авторитетность сайта. Линкбилдинг для начинающих становится доступным с инструкциями. сео страница это, seo описание страницы, линкбилдинг услуга каталоги линкбилдинг, ключевые слова wordpress seo, сео самара !!Удачи и роста в топах!!
1
Nicholas
LeCain
Looking for the standard tolerance for index and abbe of SK-1300
Haley
Wechsler
Hi, Are you interested in purchasing the Attendees List of SPIE Photonics West for your brand outreach? Total Records: 10,000 contacts Kindly let me know your interest @ "haley@industrycontactfinder.com", I will share the pricing and more details. Thanks, Haley Wechsler
Ming Sheng Nicholas
Tey
May I know if the polished LICGC is still being sold? If possible, please provide a quote, thank you.
Brian
Gieser
Good afternoon, I hope this message finds you well! My name is Brian Gieser and I’m the new Business Development at Salson Logistics (www.salson.com). Salson is an asset-based logistics company offering a full suite of services including: Container drayage Transloading Food-grade and bonded warehousing (including FTZ) Dedicated fleet services and truckload transportation Our flagship facility in NJ, located less than a mile from the port, is: Bonded & FTZ-certified Food-grade and fully sustainable In addition, we operate a warehouse in Savannah and LA/LB, and our national terminal network includes: NY/NJ, Charleston, Savannah, Atlanta, Tampa, Dallas, Norfolk, Chicago, LA/LB and Oakland. We take pride in using company drivers and owning thousands of chassis and trailers across our network—ensuring reliability and control at every stage. I’d love to learn more about what’s new at Ohara and explore how Salson can support your drayage, FTL transport, transload, and warehouse operations. Would you be open to scheduling a Teams meeting to discuss further? Looking forward to connecting!
1
vihaan
sanghavi
Sr. No. Description Qty 1 Optical Grade Silicon (n Type) 50 pieces 2 Optical Grade Germanium (n Type) 50 pieces 3 Optical Grade ZnS Multispectral 30 pieces 4 Optical Grade Sapphire 30 pieces
1
Joy
Qiao
高純度リチウム製品(水酸化リチウム・炭酸リチウム)のご提案 大原株式会社 御中 拝啓 貴社ますますご清栄のこととお慶び申し上げます。 この度は、貴社の光学ガラス及び結晶化ガラスセラミックスのご生産に、必須となる高純度リチウム原料の供給をご提案させていただきたく存じます。 貴社の高品質な製品群には、常に最高度の原料純度とバッチ間の安定性が求められると存じます。当社の電池級水酸化リチウム(LiOH) 及び電池級炭酸リチウム(Li₂CO₃) は、以下の特長により、貴社のご要求にお応えできると確信しております。 当社の核心なる強み: 超高純度と極低不純物: Fe、Cu、Na、Caなどの磁性金属及び異物を極限まで低減し、貴社製品の優れた光学特性と均質性を強力にサポートします。 優れたバッチ間の安定性: 高度な生産管理により、各ロットの品質が均一で、ガラス融解プロセスの安定化と優れた歩留まりの実現に貢献します。 安定した供給能力: 確かなサプライチェーンを構築し、貴社の生産計画を安定的に支える供給力を有しております。 次の一歩をご提案ください: 貴社のご検討材料として、無料サンプルのご提供が可能です。また、より詳細な技術要件について、技術側同士の打合せも承っております。 何卒、ご検討のほど宜しくお願い申し上げます。 敬具 Joy
1
Xingbo
Sun
High-Performance 5N Aluminum Metaphosphate Trial Invitation Dear Ohara Corporation AG Team, I am Xingbo Sun from Chalco Shandong Co., Ltd., delighted to introduce our newly developed 5N aluminum metaphosphate, designed for laser and optical glass applications. Key features include: High Purity and Low Free Acid: Impurities ≤10 ppm, free acid ≤0.005%, reducing light scattering and corrosion, enhancing glass transmittance and thermal stability for precise, reliable optical components. Superior Physical Properties: Uniform particle size (median 40-80 µm), high whiteness, optimizing glass melting and reducing energy consumption. Green Efficient Process: Proprietary eco-friendly technology minimizes emissions, aligning with sustainability goals. We invite you to try a free sample. Please reply to confirm trial needs or technical discussions. Best regards, Xingbo Sun Chalco Shandong Co., Ltd. Email: yanyundage@163.com
1
DerrekJen
DerrekJen
Emergency plumbing rescue at your home - 8338561951 USA
1
Muhammad
Bilal
I want to buy 100g of Li selective particles or membrane sample asap. Please send me the link to place the order
1
Clara
Perry
Hi, We help Glass Solutions companies like yours connect with the right clients and decision-makers through customized B2B contact databases. Our verified lists give you direct access to: Decision-makers: Procurement Heads, Project Managers, Architects, Facility Managers, Purchase Managers, Construction Directors, Interior Designers, Supply Chain Heads. Clients & Buyers: Real Estate Developers, Construction & Infrastructure Firms, Interior Design Studios, Architectural Firms, Furniture & Fixtures Manufacturers, Automotive OEMs & Dealers, Hospitality Chains, Hospitals, Educational Institutions, and Large Corporate Offices. Every database includes direct emails, phone numbers, and company insights (industry, size, geography, certifications, revenue). This ensures you connect with the right organizations actively sourcing innovative, sustainable, and modular glass solutions—helping you save time on prospecting while driving measurable business growth. Share your target region or sector, and we’ll send you a free sample of fresh, verified contacts for review. Best regards, Clara Perry P.S. To unsubscribe, simply reply with "Unsubscribe."
1
OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.5 Temperature Coefficient of Refractive Index

Temperature coefficient of refractive index 〔Δn relT

The refractive index of glass changes with temperature. The amount of change in the refractive index due to temperature changes is expressed as the temperature coefficient of the refractive index, and is defined by Δn / ΔT from the curve showing the relationship between the glass temperature and the refractive index. Δn / ΔT changes depending on the measurement wavelength and temperature range, so the Abbe number also changes with temperature.
There are two ways of showing the temperature coefficient of refractive index; one is the relative coefficient, Δnrel/ΔT (10-6 K-1) measured in dry air (101.3 kPa) at same temperature as the glass, and the other is the absolute coefficient ,Δnabs/ΔT (10-6 K-1) measured under vacuum.

The temperature coefficient of refractive index of each glass type is measured as Δnabs/ΔT according to ISO 6760-1 and from this value the Δnrel/ΔT value normally used in optical design is calculated. The relationship between Δn abs/ΔT and Δn rel/ΔT is given by the following formula.

Formula for temperature coefficient of refractive index of glass

n :Refractive index of glass sample (in air, 25 ° C)

OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.7 Internal Transmittance

Internal transmittance 〔 τi(10 mm)〕

“Internal transmittance” refers to the spectral transmittance of the glass itself, not including reflection losses at the optical glass-air interface; it indicates the transparency of the glass. Most optical glasses absorb a substantial amount of light in the near-ultraviolet region. For some glasses, especially those with a high refractive index, this absorption range also extends into the visible range. This absorption is not only caused by the composition of the glass; it is also affected by impurities in the glass, and varies slightly from melt to melt.

The spectral transmittance (including reflection loss) is measured based on the JOGIS-17 standard at wavelengths from 280 nm to 2400 nm in a pair of glass samples with different distances through which transmitted light passes. Then, the internal transmittance 〔τ<sub>i</sub>(10 mm)〕 at a glass sample thickness of 10 mm is calculated from the measurement data.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.10 CCI (Color Contribution Index)

CCI

CCI (Color Contribution Index) is an index for predicting how much the color of a photograph taken using a certain lens system changes compared to the original color, due to the spectral characteristics of the lens. It is indicated by a set of 3 numbers for blue (B) / green (G) / red (R). Ohara uses this index to predict how much the color will change as a single glass element. For the measurement method, refer to JIS B 7097 “How to express the color characteristics of a photographic lens by the ISO color characteristic index (ISO / CCI)”. The numbers shown are calculated using the sum of the values of the internal transmittance of the glass sample every 10 nm and the average color film weighted spectral sensitivity, described in JIS. For example, B / G / R of 0/3/5, is shown in Fig. 4 in trilinear coordinates.

CCIE
OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.2 Dispersion and Abbe Number

Dispersion and Abbe Number

Dispersion refers to the phenomenon arising from a variation in the refractive index depending on the wavelength. Here, nF-nC and nF’-nC’are displayed as the main dispersion. The Abbe number is an index of the magnitude of the variance and is also called the inverse dispersion rate. The larger the variance, the smaller the Abbe number.

Abbe Numbers Calcuation

The glass type data sheet indicates the dispersion, calculated from the refractive index to six decimal places . Abbe number is indicated to two decimal places, this is the result of the calculation from nd to six decimal places and the principal dispersion to six decimal places .

Two decimal places: This is the result of calculation from nd to six decimal places (with seven effective digits) and the principal dispersion to six decimal places (with four or more effective digits).

OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.6 Relational Constant for Temperature Coefficient of the Refractive Index

Relational constant for temperature coefficient of the refractive index

The temperature coefficient of the absolute refractive index of glass for wavelengths not listed in the data sheet can be calculated as a function of wavelength and temperature. Ohara uses the following equation.

Equation for Temperature Coefficient of absolute refractive index of glass
(λ,T0) Refractive index at reference temperature
0 Reference temperature (°C) (Ohara defines this as 25°C)
T: Target temperature (°C)
λ: Vacuum wavelength (μm)
D0D1 D2E0 E1、λTK Constant (listed in the data sheet)

To determine the temperature coefficient of the relative refractive index, refer to the equation given in the previous section, “Temperature coefficient of the refractive index”.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.1 Refractive Index

Refractive Index

When light enters the glass, it slows down inversely proportional to the refractive index compared to in a vacuum or in air. The refractive index of optical glass is usually expressed as the speed ratio of light in the air to themedium (glass sample).

The refractive index is measured by sending a predetermined wavelength of light into the sample and measuring theminimum deviation angle of the emitted light bent by refraction, according to JIS B 7071-1. For the 20 spectral lines shown in the table below, numerical values are shown to five decimal places. The refractive indices (principal refractive indices) for d-line (587.56 nm) and e-line (546.07 nm) are also shown to six decimal places.

Spectral Line Symbol t
Light Source Hg Hg Hg Hg Hg
Wavelength (nm) 2325.42 1970.09 1529.58 1128.64 1013.98
Spectral Line Symbol s A′ r C C′
Light Source Cs K He H Cd
Wavelength (nm) 852.11 768.19 706.52 656.27 643.85
Spectral Line Symbol He-Ne D d e F
Light Source レーザー Na He Hg H
Wavelength (nm) 852.11 589.29 587.56 546.07 486.13
Spectral Line Symbol F′ He-Cd g h i
Light Source Cd レーザー Hg Hg Hg
Wavelength (nm) 479.99 441.57 435.835 404.656 365.015
OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.4 Disperson Formula Constant

The refractive index for wavelengths not listed in the data sheet can be calculated using the dispersion formula. The Sellmeier equation is used as a practical dispersion formula, as detailed below.

Sellmeier Equation
n : Refractive index to be calculated
λ : Arbitrary wavelength (μm)
A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3 Constant (listed in the data sheet)

Using this dispersion formula and the constants for each glass type, the refractive index of any wavelength in the standard measurement wavelength range (365 to 2325 nm) can be calculated with a calculation accuracy of ±5×10<sup>-6</sup>. However, for glass types for which the refractive indices for the entire standard measurement wavelength range are not listed in the data sheet, the applicable wavelength range of the dispersion formula is limited to the refractive index range listed in the data sheet.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.8 Coloring

Coloring

Coloring refers to the degree of coloration of the optical glass and is determined by measuring the spectral transmittance, including reflection losses, for a glass sample with a thickness of 10 mm, according to JOGIS-02. From the spectral transmittance curve (Fig. 3), the wavelengths showing the transmittance of 80% and 5%, respectively, are rounded and displayed in 5 nm units. We use this rounding method: the range 0 nm to 2 nm counts as 0 nm, the range 3 nm to 7 nm counts as 5 nm, the range 8 nm to 10 nm counts as 10 nm . For example, if the wavelength with 80% transmittance is 403 nm and the wavelength with 5% transmittance is 357 nm, the coloring is shown as 405/355.

Optical Glass Coloring

For glass types with a high refractive index, nd ≥ 1.84, the reflection loss is large, so the wavelength showing transmittance of 70 % is used, instead of 80 %, and the value is shown in paranethesis. For example, (415).

OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.9 Internal Transparency

Internal transparency〔λ0.800.05

As a simplified indicator of coloring, the wavelength values in nm at which
the internal transmittance of a 10 mm thick glass sample is 0.80 and 0.05
are indicated.

OPTICAL PROPERTIES

2.3 Partial dispersion ratio and anomalous dispersion

Partial dispersion ratio 〔θx, y〕 and anomalous dispersion 〔Δθx, y
Anomalous dispersion refers to how far away a glass is from the trend line between the partial dispersion ratio θx, y = (nx-ny) / (nF-nC) for wavelengths x and y and the Abbe number νd. In optical design, glass with anomalous dispersion is required to enable color correction of the secondary spectrum.
Therefore, we have released the θg, Fd diagram and the θC, td diagram as means to show the relationship between θx, y and νd of each glass type. In order to numerically express the anomalous dispersibility, 511605 (NSL 7) and 620363 (PBM 2) are used as reference glasses, and the straight line connecting these two glass types is considered the “normal” line. The difference between the “normal” line and the vertical coordinates θx, y of each glass type is calculated as anomalous dispersion Δθx, y (Fig. 2). In this catalog, the partial dispersion ratio is θg, F and θC, t, and the anomalous dispersion is Δθg, F and ΔθC, t.

Although NSL 7 and PBM 2 are not currently produced by Ohara, the conventional NSL 7 and PBM 2 values ​​(Table 2) are used as the reference values.

Reference Values

θc,t
θC,A'
θg,d
θg,F
θi,g
vd
NSL 7
0.8305
0.3492
1.2391
0.5436
1.2185
60.49
PBM 2
0.7168
0.3198
1.2894
0.5828
1.4214
36.26

g,Fd図とΔθg,F

2.3 Chart